Initiation of the eukaryotic transcription

The eukaryotic cellular transcription is performed by polymerase complexes. This is regulated by a complicated mechanism. Here, I will describe it for letting myself learn.

There is TATA box on the upper area of the transcription initiation site. TATA box is the region that consists of the repeat of T and A bases. At first of the transcription initiation, TFIID (Transcription Factor II D) binds to the TATA box. Subsequently TFIIA interacts with TFIID and its upper DNA, which results in the stabilization of the binding of TFIID to the TATA box. Next, TFIIB interacts with TFIID and TFIID binding DNA. TFIIB is important for the recruitment of RNA polymerase II, which is the mRNA transcription enzyme.

RNA polymerase II interacts with TFIIF in other places, thereafter it interacts with TFIIB that locates at TATA box. When TFIIH and TFIIJ interact to this polymerase complex, the transcription starts. After starting of transcription, TFIID, TFIIA and TFIIB remain at the TATA box, whereas the other polymerase complex advances the transcription. The remaining TFIID, TFIIA and TFIIB wait for the next polymerase complex.