Kinetic multi-omic analysis of responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a model of severe COVID-19

Intra-tracheal infection of SARS-CoV-2 (early circulating strain) to Syrian hamsters results in the progression of respiratory disease that resembles human COVID-19. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that both type I and II interferon stimulated gene and protein expression with an increase of chemokines, monocyte and neutrophil-associated molecules throughout the course of infection was up-regulated, which peaked in the later time points correlating with a rapidly developing alveolar destruction and pneumonia. These pathological changes persisted in the absence of remarkable viral infection. Extrapulmonary proteome remodeling was detected in the heart and kidneys following viral infection.