Long-lasting reduction of DCs in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients as well as functional impairment of these cells such as reduced activity to stimulate T cells were correlated with severity of COVID-19. These DCs were characterized by down-regulation of costimulatory molecule CD86 and up-regulation of inhibitory molecule PD-L1. Higher frequency of CD163+CD14+ subpopulation was correlated with systemic inflammation. The depletion and impaired function of DCs in the acute phase of infection may control the disease severity.
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