A broad range of autoantibodies against IFNs are observed in patients of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1). Autoantibodies against IFNs are found at least 10% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. Surveillance of these APS-1 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 reported that these preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing IFNs confers a very high risk for severe COVID-19 in any age.
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