A longitudinal investigation for anti-SARS-COV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients demonstrated that the timing of antibody response is a determinant of COVID-19 severity. In deceased patients, a robust response of anti-S, anti-receptor-binding domain antibodies that exhibit neutralizing activity was observed, but its delayed kinetics correlated with impaired viral control. Generation of neutralizing antibodies before 14 days of disease onset was shown to be the key factor for recovery from severe COVID-19.
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