SARS-CoV-2 N protein directly interacts with host NLRP3, which promotes the binding of NLRP3 with an adaptor protein (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, ASC). This facilitates maturation of proinflammasome activation to induce hyperinflammation. Therefore, N protein plays an important role for induction of lung injury and hyperproduction of cytokines.
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